National Parks in India Sunderbans Wildlife Park Fact File

General Information
Area Core Buffer Longitude Latitude Altitude Rainfall Temperature	2585 sq. km. 1330 sq. km. 1255 sq. km. 88º05' to 89º10' E 21º32' to 22º40' N 5.8 m to 6.1 m above M.S.L. Average annual 1920 mm Min - 20ºC - Max 34ºC

Census
Tiger Population
Year	Number
1992 1995 1997	251 242 256-270

Other Animal Population
Year	Animal	Population
1989 1993	Deer Deer Wild boar Rhesus macaque Water Monitor	30886 30978 11869 37691 10272

Infrastructure and Facilities
Tourists are allowed in the buffer area. A tourist lodge at Sajnakhali has accommodation facilities for the tourists. Zilla Parishad, 24 North Paraganas has also created an accommodation facility at Hemnagar, close to the northern boundary of Sundarbans Tiger Reserve.

Number of Tourists Visiting the Reserve
Year	Number
1992-93 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97	25824 23437 41818 45354 35515

Highways
National Waterways through Sundarbans: The propsed National waterways, if declared, through the mangrove forests of Sundarbans, particularly through the portion of Tiger Reserve, will affect the ecosystem adversely by large-scale human activities, dredging of streams and oil spills of numerous water crafts and vessels carrying cargo.

Diseases
There has been no incidence of epidemic.

Encroachment
There is no encroachment within the Sundarbans Tiger Reserve area. An attempt at encroachment was made in 1978 in the Jhila Block (Marichjhapadi) by the refugees from Bangladesh but it was thwarted and the area was made free of the encroachers.

Other
High Vegetation Density in the Core
The vegetation in the core area is so congested at present that it is producing a negative impact on habitat condition, and causing the migration of both the predators and prey to the lesser cropdensity areas for easy availability of food for herbivoures and easy movement for both herbivores and the predators. Manipulation of crop density, therefore, appears to be necessary to create ideal habitat condition for the tiger and its prey animals.

Floods
Flood is a recurring phenomena in the Sundarbans region every year. The habitations are on reclaimed land, protected by embankments constructed along the river bank and the plan of such land is much below the level of tidal water. Almost every year, the area experiences cyclones and the swelling of turbulent rivers causes damage to such embankments, leading to inundation of the habitations at places.

Oil Spill
Oil spills from ships, trawlers and mechanized boats in the coastal areas cause immense damage to the aquatic fauna and mangrove vegetation. Brackish water fishery contributers to water pollution, adversely affecting the ecosystem.

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